野生小型哺乳动物的宿主特征决定病毒组的组成和病毒的传播
2023.10.13复旦大学张永振团队发现，野生小型哺乳动物的宿主特征决定病毒组的组成和病毒的传播。相关论文于2023年9月20日在线发表在《细胞》杂志上。
通过对来自中国四个栖息地的2443只野生蝙蝠、啮齿动物和鼩鼱的内脏和粪便样本进行元转录组测序，研究人员发现了669种病毒，其中包括534种新型病毒，从而大大扩展了哺乳动物病毒组。这些分析揭示了高度的系统发育多样性，确定了病毒的跨物种传播事件，阐明了病毒的起源，并发现了哺乳动物宿主感染无脊椎动物病毒的病例。宿主顺序和样本大小是影响病毒组组成和病毒外溢模式的最重要因素。鼩鼱携带的病毒种类非常丰富，包括许多与无脊椎动物相关的病毒，这些病毒分布于多个器官，而啮齿动物携带的病毒则具有更强的宿主跳跃能力。这些数据突显了哺乳动物病毒在当地栖息地的显著多样性及其在新宿主身上出现的能力。
据悉，蝙蝠、啮齿动物和鼩鼱是人类传染病最重要的动物来源。然而，病毒在它们之间的演化和传播在很大程度上仍未得到探索。
附：英文原文
Title: Host traits shape virome composition and virus transmission in wild small mammals
Author: Yan-Mei Chen, Shu-Jian Hu, Xian-Dan Lin, Jun-Hua Tian, Jia-Xin Lv, Miao-Ruo Wang, Xiu-Qi Luo, Yuan-Yuan Pei, Rui-Xue Hu, Zhi-Gang Song, Edward C. Holmes, Yong-Zhen Zhang
Issue&Volume: 2023-09-20
Abstract: Bats, rodents, and shrews are the most important animal sources of human infectiousdiseases. However, the evolution and transmission of viruses among them remain largelyunexplored. Through the meta-transcriptomic sequencing of internal organ and fecalsamples from 2,443 wild bats, rodents, and shrews sampled from four Chinese habitats,we identified 669 viruses, including 534 novel viruses, thereby greatly expandingthe mammalian virome. Our analysis revealed high levels of phylogenetic diversity,identified cross-species virus transmission events, elucidated virus origins, andidentified cases of invertebrate viruses in mammalian hosts. Host order and samplesize were the most important factors impacting virome composition and patterns ofvirus spillover. Shrews harbored a high richness of viruses, including many invertebrate-associatedviruses with multi-organ distributions, whereas rodents carried viruses with a greatercapacity for host jumping. These data highlight the remarkable diversity of mammalianviruses in local habitats and their ability to emerge in new hosts.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.029
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00916-9
期刊信息
Cell：《细胞》，创刊于1974年。隶属于细胞出版社，最新IF：66.85
